Kugwiritsa Ntchito Zosinthira Kutentha Pamwamba Zokokedwa mu Makampani Ogulitsa Margarine
Zosintha Kutentha Zokhala Pamwamba (SSHE) ndi zipangizo zothamangitsira kutentha zomwe zimathandiza kusuntha kutentha kudzera mu makina opopera. Ndizoyenera kwambiri pamadzimadzi okhala ndi kukhuthala kwakukulu, osavuta kupangira makristalo kapena okhala ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono. Izi ndi kusanthula kwa mfundo zogwirira ntchito zawo ndi momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito m'makampani opanga majarini:
I. Mfundo Yogwirira Ntchito ya Zosinthira Kutentha Pamwamba Zokokedwa
1. Kapangidwe ka Pakati
o Silinda yopangidwa ndi jekete: Gawo lakunja limaperekedwa ndi zinthu zotenthetsera/zoziziritsira (monga nthunzi, madzi ozizira kapena mafuta osinthira kutentha).
o Shaft yozungulira ndi chokokera: Mkati mwake, muli shaft yozungulira yokhala ndi zokokera zingapo zosinthasintha kapena zolimba zomwe zimamangiriridwa, zomwe zimamatira kwambiri kukhoma lamkati la silinda.
o Chipangizo choyendetsera: Mota imayendetsa shaft kuti izungulire pa liwiro lalikulu (nthawi zambiri 100-500 rpm).
2. Njira Yogwirira Ntchito
o Zotsatira za kukanda: Zokandazi zimakanda zinthuzo nthawi zonse kuchokera pakhoma lamkati, kuteteza kuipitsidwa kapena kupangika kwa makristalo, ndipo nthawi yomweyo zimakakamiza kukonzanso kwa gawo lolowera pamwamba pa kutentha, zomwe zimawonjezera kwambiri kuchuluka kwa kutentha (mpaka nthawi 5-10 kuposa kwa zosinthira kutentha za chubu zachikhalidwe).
o Ntchito Yosakaniza: Zokanda zozungulira zimagwiritsa ntchito kumeta ndi kusakaniza zinthuzo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kutentha ndi kapangidwe kake zikhale zofanana.
o Kuwongolera kusintha kwa gawo: Mwa kusintha bwino kutentha kwa jekete ndi liwiro la scraper, kuzizira mwachangu, kupangika kwa makristalo kapena emulsification ya zinthuzo zitha kuchitika (monga kuwongolera kupangika kwa mafuta mu margarine).
3. Ubwino ndi Makhalidwe
o Yoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yokwera (mpaka 10^5 cP), madzi osakhala a Newtonian kapena zinthu zomwe zili ndi tinthu tolimba.
o Imapewa kutentha kwambiri kapena malo ozizira, kuonetsetsa kuti zinthu zili bwino mofanana.
o Angathe kugwira zinthu zofewa zomwe zimafuna kusungunuka kapena kupangika kukhala makristalo.
II. Kugwiritsa Ntchito Pakupanga Margarine
1. Udindo Wofunika Kwambiri Pakupanga
Kupanga margarine kumafuna kusakaniza mafuta ndi madzi (mkaka, mchere, zinthu zosakaniza, ndi zina zotero) kenako kuziziritsa mwachangu ndi kupanga makristalo. Chosinthira kutentha cha pamwamba chokokedwa ndi chipangizo chachikulu, chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka mu:
Kuziziritsa ndi kupangitsa kuti ma emulsions azizire: Kuziziritsa mofulumira ma emulsion osakanikirana (pafupifupi 40-50°C) mpaka 10-20°C kuti pakhale kapangidwe ka kristalo kokhazikika ka β' (kofunikira kuti kapangidwe kake kakhale kosalala).
o Kukonza nucleation: Mphamvu yodula ya zokwapula imaphwanya makhiristo akuluakulu, ndikupanga ukonde wamafuta wabwino komanso wofanana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kirimuyo ikule bwino.
o Chithandizo cha kuyeretsa: Mu njira zina, majekete otentha kwambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyeretsa kwa kanthawi kochepa (monga 85°C kwa masekondi 15).
2. Kusinthasintha kwa Makampani
o Kuwongolera kutentha kolondola: Kusungunuka kwa mafuta kumadalira kutentha (monga mafuta a kanjedza ayenera kuyendetsedwa pa 20-25°C), ndipo chosinthira kutentha chofufutidwa chimatha kusunga kutentha koyenera.
o Kupewa kulekanitsa gawo: Mphamvu yayikulu yodula imatsimikizira kufalikira kwa gawo la madzi mofanana, kupewa kulekanitsa mafuta ndi madzi.
o Kusamalira zinthu zokhala ndi mafuta ambiri: Margarine ili ndi mafuta okwana 70-80%, ndipo kapangidwe kake ka scraper kamathetsa vuto la kutsekeka kwa zinthu zosinthira kutentha zachikhalidwe.
3. Magawo Anthawi Zonse a Zipangizo
o Kuchuluka kwa kutentha: 500-1500 W/(m²·K) (kutengera kukhuthala kwa zinthuzo).
o Kuzizira: Mpaka 30°C/mphindi (kofunikira kwambiri pakusintha kwa mafuta kukhala crystallization).
o Kutha: Zipangizo zamafakitale zimatha kugwira matani 1-10 pa ola limodzi.
III. Kuyerekeza ndi Zosinthira Kutentha Zina
Kugwiritsa ntchito mu margarine ★★★★★ ★★☆ ★☆☆
| Makhalidwe | Chosinthira Kutentha Chofufumitsa Pamwamba Chofufumitsa | Chipolopolo ndi chubu Kutentha Exchanger | Mbale Kutentha Exchanger |
| Kukhuthala koyenera | Wapamwamba (≤10^5 cP) | Wotsika pang'ono (≤10^3 cP) | Yotsika (≤10^2 cP) |
| Chiwopsezo cha kuipitsidwa | Yotsika kwambiri (yodziyeretsa yokha poikanda) | Pamwamba | Wocheperako |
| Kumeta ubweya | Wamphamvu (wosasinthika) | Wofooka | Wofooka |
IV. Zochitika pa Kukula kwa Makampani
• Kukonza mphamvu: Gwiritsani ntchito ma mota osinthasintha kuti musinthe liwiro la scraper, mogwirizana ndi zofunikira zosiyanasiyana za fomula (monga, kumeta kwambiri kwa kirimu wopanda mafuta ambiri).
• Kulamulira mwanzeru: Phatikizani masensa otenthetsera ndi kukhuthala kuti musinthe liwiro lozizira ndi mphamvu yochepetsera nthawi yeniyeni. • Kapangidwe kaukhondo: Mogwirizana ndi miyezo ya EHEDG/3A, makina a CIP (Clean-In-Place) amachepetsa nthawi yogwira ntchito.
Chosinthira kutentha chokokera, chomwe chili ndi mphamvu yothamangitsira kutentha komanso kusakaniza bwino, chakhala chida chofunikira kwambiri pamakampani opanga majarini. Makamaka chifukwa cha chizolowezi chofunafuna zinthu zochepa zamafuta komanso zinthu zogwira ntchito kwambiri, ubwino wake wokonza zinthu udzafotokozedwanso.
Nthawi yotumizira: Julayi-02-2025